The World of Science
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Computer & Internet
Science & Technology
Mass Media
The twentieth century was a time of phenomenal growth and development of new kinds of
media. In the early twentieth century, film, radio, and newspapers were the media forms to
which people had access, though limited. Beginning in the early 1940s and continuing through
the end of the century, media experiences expanded to include television, recorded music,
videotapes, electronic games, interactive computer software, and the Internet.
Commercial television made its debut in 1941, initiating a new era of media influence. One of the
earliest documented examples of the effect of advertising in the media was the introduction in
1952 of television ads for Mr. Potato Head, a toy manufactured by Hasbro. Gross sales were
more than $4 million in its first year of television advertising. At that time, more than two-
thirds of television sets were owned by families with children under twelve years of age.
Educational programming, offered primarily on public television stations, was the next
milestone in television's early influences on children. In the larger discussion of media influence
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